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...China dominates the supply chain for many of the materials underpinning the production of electric-car batteries and solar panels, with Beijing working to hit peak greenhouse gas emissions by 2030....
...It is one of the biggest western refining companies, with 12 plants spread across the US and Europe....
...As a resident of the California Bay Area, I saw snipers shooting at 17 electrical transformers at Pacific Gas & Electric’s Metcalf substation....
...An estimated $30bn in fire liabilities forced Pacific Gas & Electric — California’s biggest utility — to file for bankruptcy protection in 2019....
...But turning spodumene into lithium concentrates for electric vehicle batteries also requires understanding of processing and refining....
...It is such a force in the electric car market that, last year, for the first time, it became home to more than half the electric vehicles on the world’s roads....
...To meet global climate change targets — by building solar power, turning car fleets electric and bolstering electricity grids — about $4.1tn needs to be spent on mining, refining, and smelting critical minerals...
...TechMet’s 10 portfolio companies include the UK’s Cornish Lithium and its fellow lithium miner EnergySource Minerals of California; rare earth producers such as South Africa-focused Rainbow Rare Earths;...
...Its global market share for the refining of each of those three materials exceeds 70 per cent....
...UBS’s Changhao Chen, a financial institutions managing director in Asia Pacific investment banking, has left the group....
...Cruise, the driverless car company owned by General Motors, paused its operations after California regulators barred its vehicles from the state’s roads following an accident in San Francisco....
...In Panasonic’s case, the company argues that its contributions to lowering emissions by selling car batteries for use in Tesla’s electric vehicles should be recognised, even if producing the batteries is...
...Morgan Stanley has boardroom links to the oil and gas industry too; director Rayford Wilkins Jr is a sitting board member of Texas-based oil refining company Valero Energy....
...electric vehicles....
...The company dethroned Tesla as the world’s biggest electric vehicle producer by sales last year....
...Its high electrochemical potential makes it critical to electric vehicle batteries....
...Seeley and other members of Mothers for Peace — an activist group with roots in the 1960s antiwar movement — cheered when Pacific Gas and Electric, the utility that operates California’s last nuclear power...
...A winter gas shortage, which analysts expect to last until at least 2025, means imminent demand for Chinese refiners’ overflowing stock of diesel....
...The first auction for offshore wind leases along California’s coastline finished yesterday....
...However, investors scored a win at Valero Energy, a fuel refining and retail company, which agreed to make pay changes based on climate without a shareholder vote....
...Shareholders of two independent refiners, Valero Energy and Marathon Petroleum, have enjoyed stock price rises of at least 78 per cent in the last year....
...This has resulted in big margin calls, particularly on gas and electricity trades....
...Gary Simmons, chief commercial officer at Valero Energy, told analysts recently that the company had seen a “bit of a lull” in early July but that demand had since recovered to June levels....
...As the system came under intense strain, the grid operator placed the state on its highest alert setting, prompting the Pacific Gas and Electric, the San Francisco-based utility, to warn about 525,000 customers...
...Gas & Electric, the state’s largest energy provider....
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