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...Allied Gold said it “received payment instructions in compliance with the obligations outlined in the purchase agreement” and payment was made in line with the instructions and agreement....
...Alloys are a vital step between the mining and separation of rare earths and their use in the permanent magnets used in motors of electric vehicles, drones and wind turbines....
...China currently controls most of the processing and refining of such minerals....
...of the world’s rare-earth mining and close to 90 per cent of processing and refining, according to the International Energy Agency....
...and stability of the global critical mineral resources production and supply chain”....
...The mandate is to look for deals across all assets, including base and precious metals in addition to commodities in demand for electric vehicle production....
...To meet global climate change targets — by building solar power, turning car fleets electric and bolstering electricity grids — about $4.1tn needs to be spent on mining, refining, and smelting critical minerals...
...Australia’s resources minister Madeleine King said critical minerals such as lithium and rare earths required more processing than coal and iron ore, which Australia has historically focused on....
...Unlike goldbugs, equity investors demand free cash flow for share buybacks and dividends from gold miners. Investors have little faith in mining executives as stewards of their capital....
...A high-profile figure in the gold mining industry, former investment banker de Montessus took the top job at Endeavour in 2016 after senior roles at La Mancha, a mining investment group, and Areva, the French...
...The UK has taken some steps forward in supporting mining and refining projects....
...According to the International Energy Agency, China accounts for about 90 per cent of global refining for rare earth metals, and about two-thirds for lithium and cobalt....
...Second, we should acknowledge that there is a fundamental difference in the added-value characteristics of precious metal (and gem) mining and the extraction of “useful” metals and minerals....
...Indonesia’s ministry for energy and mineral resources did not respond to a request for comment....
...Within that land mass, it has already signed rights for all other minerals from copper and lithium to tin and tungsten across 3,900 acres including its flagship Great Wheal Vor project in the old mining...
...Agincourt and the Indonesian ministries of environment and forestry and energy and mineral resources did not respond to requests for comment....
...China controls 63 per cent of global lithium refining, 70 per cent of nickel processing and 65 per cent of graphite mining, according to Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, an information provider....
...The UK will use its “scientific expertise to fully understand the impact of deep-sea mining on precious ecosystems and in the meantime, we will not support or sponsor any exploitation licences”, said environment...
...to the refining of the mineral once it has been extracted....
...But turning spodumene into lithium concentrates for electric vehicle batteries also requires understanding of processing and refining....
...A Chinese state-owned gold miner, Zhaojin Mining, had a go at Australia’s Tietto Minerals back in October. But even that was a small nugget at about $400mn in value....
...According to the International Energy Agency, China accounts for about 60 per cent of the world’s rare earth mining production, but close to 90 per cent of processing and refining....
...“This transaction is the largest in the gold industry and among the largest in the mining industry,” Palmer said. “Half of the world’s top gold mines will be in our portfolio.”...
...Under-investment is not just a feature of production and mining but can also occur in refining....
...venture between a private-sector business and a state-owned mining company....
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